Scientific Literature Focused On Chromosomal Dna And Dna,...

Conglomeration of Scientific Literature Focused on Chromosomal Telomere Length (TL) In Blood Leukocytes, Sputum, and Buccal Cells as It Relates to Cancer Occurrences by: Andy Barajas Bio 490, Fall 2014 Department of Biological Sciences California State Polytechnic University, Pomona Abstract This is a conglomeration of scientific literature as it relates telomere length in blood cells to the occurrence of cancer. Telomeres are composed of repeating TTAGGG nucleotides and they are found at the ends of chromosomes. These chromosomal caps are what protect the genetic material of a cell. Every time a cell replicates its DNA, its telomeres become slightly shorter than the parent cell. Upon excessive shortening of the telomere, the chromosomal genetic information begins to degrade upon replication which leads to instability. This eventually can cause cancer as the studies discussed in this paper have shown. Individuals who have an inherited bone marrow condition known as Dyskeratosis congenita (DC) have short telomeres and an 11-fold increase chance of getting cancer. Overall, cancer patients were found to have shorter telomeres than usual in their leukocytes, sputum, or buccal cells. The cancers of interest in this review include: head and neck, breast, gastric, lung, colore ctal, ovarian, esophageal, prostate, skin bladder, renal, endometrial, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and liver cancer. Introduction Chromosomes are usually capped by non-coding sequences known as telomeres. As

The Influence of Exposure to Violence - 627 Words

Periodically committed, violent acts from individuals whom are motivated by influence lead us to question western culture’s addiction to violent coverage and its enablers. Exposure to violence is not only limited to real-life experience, exposure can be extended through media outlets, enablers, who may increase the harmful effects of exposure to such violent acts. The media exploits society’s increasing dependence on technology to further supply western culture’s lust for violence. Violence in the media and its debated influence is an important topic because of its ability to manifest into negative, tangible consequences. Among the harmful effects of violent media is aggression. Sissela Bok articulates in her essay called, Aggression: The Impact of Media Violence, that appetite for violence arises from growing desensitization in individuals, particularly impressionable children and adolescents. Critics discredit theories such as Bok’s claiming that no evid ence linking media violence to real life acts exist. Regardless, Bok believes it is a correlation that we should be highly sensitive of. Others like Bok have provoked thought over the negative effects of the media’s relentless coverage of violence. In a film written by Quentin Tarantino titled Natural Born Killers, Tarantino portrays the role of the media, which in turn delivers the very effects of violent exposure that Bok is critical of. Though ironic, Tarantino’s Natural Born Killer aims to elicit thought, as to serveShow MoreRelatedExposure to Gender Based Violence and Its Influence on Bullying Behavior919 Words   |  4 PagesThis work will not aid in placing programs to support or prevent exposure to gender based violence and its influences on bullying behavior at Belmopan Comprehensive High School. This study will not identify a student by name that displays: ïÆ'Ëœ The highest level of exposure on Gender Based violence at home or school. ïÆ'Ëœ The effects of the exposure to violence at home. ïÆ'Ëœ The student’s collaborative academic work performance in his or her classroom. Also, this study will not reveal the methods usedRead MoreEssay about The Media And Violence979 Words   |  4 Pages The debate regarding the medias relationship to violence in society has been a hot issue for most of the past century. From the beginning of the wide use of mass media, from films to radio to television, researchers have tried to explain any association or correlation between media effects and violence. Of particular interest and concern has been the issue of violence in the media and the impact that this has on children. Although important research efforts have increased our understanding ofRead MoreMedia Violence And Its Effects1057 Words   |  5 Pages Media violence exposure has been investigated as a risk factor for aggression behavior for years. The impact of exposure to violence in the media the long term development and short term development of aggressive behavior has been documented. Aggression is caused by several factors, of which media violence is one. Research investigating the effects of media violence in conjunction with other predictors of aggression such as; environmental factors and dysfunction within the family household,Read MoreDo Violent Video Games Cause Violence in Childen1049 Words   |  5 PagesDo Violent Video Games Influence Youth Violence Noel Averruz EN1420 ITT-Technical Institute Ever Since Violent Video Games were invented People have been trying to prove that they influence Violence in Juveniles. Although many prospective studies have been done on video game violence and the affect they have on the youth, none have been able to completely validate the claim that violent video games do influence the youth to become violent in their everyday lives. Out of the many studies thatRead MoreEssay on The Media Should Be Censored1023 Words   |  5 Pagesproved to be beneficial by educating, entertaining and informing us, it has also have its downfall, to cause many bad influences to the younger audience. Media has influenced us to conduct bad behavior, breed violence among teens and fear to the public, thus causing a lot of negative conflicts among ourselves. Television, Music, Internet, and more, are just some of the media exposure that needs to be censored and controlled. Media needs to be restricted, so that it doesn’t expose certain content toRead MoreInfluence of Media on Crime.788 Words   |  4 PagesIs Media Responsible for the Increasing Crime Rate? It is believed that the great Plato had a question similar to this, he was worried whether the violence in plays will have a negative effect on people of his land. We cannot mitigate the influence of media on the society. Some believe that it is the curse for the contemporary society, as it invigorates individuals to commit crimes. Are these people right? Read on to know the answer to this grave question. Contrary to the popular belief, mediaRead MoreThe Importance Of Violent Music805 Words   |  4 PagesViolent music; many people have different opinions about it. Can music create violence or can it not? Is is non harmful or is it destroying the youth of the world? Should it be banned for being violent and provoking violent behavior or it should not? No matter the opinion, recent studies have shown that violent music can create violence. Violence in all types of media can create violence. Music should stop provoking violence with their harmful lyrics. Instead of writing about guns, drugs, alcohol, andRead MoreMedia Violence And The Media Essay864 Words   |  4 PagesExposure to the media violence may be especially problematic in late adolescence. Television and other media play a major role in adolescent socialization and identity development by providing perspectives, values, ideologies, and behavior models (Arnett G., Roberts D. et al.). The socializing role of television in pa rticular may be ampliï ¬ ed by the large amount of time young people spend with this medium. Speciï ¬ cally, 18- to 24-year-olds spend more time watching television and movies than youngerRead MoreHow Media Violence Related to Aggressive and Violent Behavior672 Words   |  3 Pagesconducted in the past have clearly demonstrated that exposure to media violence does have a significant influence on violent and aggressive behavior. This is particularly the case amongst children where fictional media violence has been linked to increased aggression both in the short-term and in the long-term. This text highlights the extent to which media violence is related to violent/aggressive behavior. To What Extent is Media Violence Related to Aggressive and Violent Behavior? As I haveRead MoreEffects of Violence on Adolescence1408 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Violence is a malicious act done by a human being that has the intention of harming or killing another living being. Violence is everywhere: in the home, in the school, and in the community. Violence causes negative effects to humans’ mental health. These negative effects may trigger symptoms of posttraumatic stress, depression, and even anxiety. Symptoms of these disorders can be some of the following: anxiousness, avoidant behavior, feeling a loss of motivation, and feeling of uneasiness

Latino Civil Rights in School Free Essays

Latino Civil Rights in Schools One area in American society in which racial groups were separated was in school. Segregation of races and schools were common through the late 1940’s, until a Puerto-Rican Mexican family took action. Through this area the common race that known during this time where you were both classified as white or black and therefore left Hispanics unclassified. We will write a custom essay sample on Latino Civil Rights in School or any similar topic only for you Order Now Depending where you lived according to McCormick, J. and Ayala, C. 2007) describes Felicita Mendez a Puerto Rican woman’s experience, â€Å"she belonged to a group that was racialized in Arizona as black, in California as Mexican, and now in court, her children figured as white. † In this situation her children not allowed to enter a white school called Westminster Elementary. Felicita did not want to enroll her children into a Mexican school because they lack resources and only did vocational training as she wanted a better future for her children, because she knew that education will give her children opportunities. She and her husband decided to take action so they followed lawsuit, along with four other Mexican families against Westminster County. During their struggle the law was against them saying that their reasons for segregation of Mexicans school were due to language. â€Å"The ruling was sustained at the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco on April 14, 1947, in a unanimous 7–0 decision. † (McCormick, J. and Ayala, C. , 2007). This was a tremendous decision that had great impact towards creating integration for Mexicans as well as Indians, and Asians in schools. Shortly after the victory, the legislation passed the Assembly Bill of 1375 in California which eliminates segregation of these races. The bill was signed into law on June 14, 1947. Other states such as Arizona then followed, and it led to other cases which completely terminated legal segregation in schools in the United States in 1954. It took some effort and some years to finally integrate whites with other races in schools. Such effort had its accomplishments, however it took various years for the majority of people to get used the fact that we are human beings and therefore all created equal. We still encounter racism unfortunately but not in the same fashion or numbers as we encountered 50 years ago. As the future approaches us in many years to come we are all going to be integrated as one race of a human being, hopefully making this world a much better place. References McCormick, J. and Ayala, C. (2007). Felicita â€Å"La Prieta† Mendez (1916–1998) and the end of Latino school segregation in California. Retrieved from http://content. ebscohost. com. wf2dnvr2. webfeat. org/pdf19_22/pdf/2007/GWW/01Oct07/28320951. pdf? T=PP=ANK=28320951S=RD=aphEbscoContent=dGJyMMTo50SeqK44y9f3OLCmr0mep7ZSs6q4TbSWxWXSContentCustomer=dGJyMPGvtEyvrbVLuePfgeyx44Hy7fEA How to cite Latino Civil Rights in School, Papers

Literature Review on QuickBooks

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review on QuickBooks. Answer: Introduction Accounting is the computer that deals with the management and storage of the accounts and performs the arithmetic and accounting operations (Lipi, Rama and Agaraj 2015). Thus the major focus of this study is to review the literature on the accounting software or package in Australia. Therefore, the entire literature review is based on QuickBooks. Moreover, this study illustrates a brief discussion about history of software and the company background that developed this software. Furthermore, this literature review portrays detailed information about the development and adoption of the organization. On the other hand, this study also provides details regarding QuickBookss current market size. Thus, the competitive advantage of QuickBooks and the accounting software leaders in Australia have also been identified. QuickBooks was marketed and developed by Proulx and Scott in Intuit based in California. This organization developed the similar services for the owners of small business after the success Quicken for the individual financial management (Intuit.com 2017). The initial Quicken software could not be capable of functioning as the double-entry package of accounting. The initial QuickBooks release was the DOS version that was dependent on the Quicken Codebase. QuickBooks was launched in 1998. It was patterned after Quicken. Mptreover, it was intended for offering the owners of small businesses the flexibility of a user-friendly software package. It quickly became famous after launch of QuickBooks among the business owners, who had the minimum experience in the accounting operation. Adoption and Development The changes in the technology primarily driven by the mobility and cloud benefits are transforming the way through which people better work and make excitement. Compliance and Financials processing are shifting from the number that is time-consuming tasks for creative partnering between the accountants and small businesses. Therefore, being a part of the technological advancements, the adoption and the development of QuickBooks plays a crucial role in Australian business development (Boulianne 2014). QuickBooks online has enabled easy as well as swift access towards the data of a company irrespective of device, place or time. QuickBooks has been adopted mainly by the small organizations in order to integrate well with the other programs such as Acrobat Reader and Microsoft Excel. Current Market Size According to the advanced features and the business operations of QuickBooks, it is one of top 10 international financial management systems and the fastest developing accounting software packages in Australia. It has also carried out to develop its top line in a rapid manner as its sales enhances in Australia by high percentage in the current year as compared to the past years (Godfrey 2014). On the other hand, it can also be stated that the rate of adoption and the popularity of this particular accounting software package developed by the financial companies more than other accounting software packages of the famous enterprises. QuickBooks software is strongly competing with the other popular accounting software like Sage, Oracle and SAP in regards to the earned revenue, current market share and the popularity of this particular accounting software. Leader Identification QuickBooks accounting software is known as one of the leaders in this industry all around the globe because this particular software is leading the market for accounting software for the advanced technologies offered by the QuickBooks. Numerous enterprises, especially the small companies around the globe are depending on the services offered by the QuickBooks accounting software (Lyons 2015). QuickBooks has also carried out its success factor in terms of delivering the best ERP suites as well as cloud financial towards the businesses in Australia and globally by enabling them to significantly lower the costs in relation to It during the enhancement of the productivity because the adoption of international cloud accelerate. On the other hand, this particular accounting software or package has built the entire expectations from the business corporations in a very successful manner like the dispatch label, print label, track and trace, parcel lockers, parcel rates as well as parcel collect. Most importantly, this software package has also been rewarded as one of the leaders in the Australian market of accounting software because it offers huge range of diverse applications and features in each accounting operational field for the business organizations. Competitive Advantage QuickBooks accounting software has achieved a significant competitive advantage in the business enterprises in the Australian Corporate culture for the high demand and huge popularity of this particular accounting software. Therefore, it has been enabled simply for the implementation of the diverse applicability in the entire accounting operations among the business enterprises who offer the accounting services (Schiff and Szendi 2014). QuickBooks has high demand in the accounting software market because, this software is capable of providing a unified and a real-time global platform for the business operations in regards to the management of multi-currency, multi-language, multi-national and multi-subsidiary businesses. Apart from that, QuickBooks has offered several manufacturing services and operations, retail, Ecommerce services, professional services automation, CRM services and the Enterprise Resource Planning Services. Moreover, one single database of QuickBooks accounting software has become successful in terms of offering multiple services. On the other hand, in Australia, several business companies who work with the accounting services want more to develop and adopt QuickBooks for its multiple services offered by its single database (Bishop 2016). Moreover, it is very simple for portraying the matter that QuickBooks has successfully achieved huge competitive advantage in the country as well for such multi-dimensional services offered by this accounting software package. Apart from that, this enhancement in the competitive advantage for the software interpretes also the reason as well as the fact why this software package has been successful for becoming one of the market leaders in this country along with MYOB, Sage, SAP, NetSuite and other software. Current Gaps or Challenges Encountered by Users or Customers of Accounting 225 QuickBooks also has few disadvantages or gaps along its huge range of applications and advantages over the business organizations in Australia. No-Fixed Asset Selection The potential problem with this software depending on how a client utilizes the software is that QuickBooks does not come with the section of fixed asset (Machado 2016). Outages Online edition of QuickBooks is the service that permits the users for paying a monthly fee for using the software through a secured web browser and it comes with its own authentic issues (Quinn and Kristandl 2014). Lackluster Audit Trail One of the prime concerns regarding this software is the audit trail of QuickBooks. Business owners and the accountants prefer the flow of financial information of an organization to be well-documented and in-depth (Schorr et al. 2013). However, there are few situations where the financial details can be changed without leaving any kind of documentation, QuickBooks provides an audit trail for most information. Most importantly, it means that the software leave a gap that could allow potentially the financial records of an organization to be fixed. Conclusion The entire study has presented a well-structured literature review on QuickBooks account software package, which is one of the leading accounting software in all over the world along with Australia. Therefore, this study has successfully interpreted the success story of QuickBooks among the business enterprises in the country. As an overall conclusion, it can be stated from the entire discussion made in this literature review that QuickBooks has gained a huge market share among the other accounting software like SAP, Sage, MYOB, NetSuite and others as the small and large enterprises prefer to use this software in their business activities. Furthermore, the huge competitive advantage achieved by this software has resulted in enhancing its market share in a particular nation. Thus, in this way, QuickBooks accounting software package has successfully gained a wide range of market share in Australia due its achieved competitive advantage in that country. Recommendations Along with the advantages, QuickBooks has also few issues as discussed above. In order to resolve the issues, there are few useful recommendations, which must be followed while incorporating this accounting software. Inclusion of Fixed-Asset Section Intuit should provide or incorporate a separate report to enlist the fixed assets of a particular organization. Creation of new method for enhancing RAM cache usage Intuit should implement as well as improvise the new methods in terms of enhancing the usage of RAM cache in QuickBooks. On the other hand, Intuit should also explain several possibilities desired for allowing the users for configuring the best alternatives for utilizing the system cache for improving the performance that presents an essential deviation from their previous practices. More Influencing the Large Business Enterprises Intuit should improvise the features of QuickBooks in order to seek more attention of the large enterprises in Australia for incorporating this accounting software in their businesses. It would help this software package to again a good competitive advantage in Australia. References Arcega, C.K., Datinguinoo, E., Guerra, J., Guno, C., Mayuga, H.J., Villamena, E. and Manongsong, J.L., 2015. Computerized vs. Non-computerized Accounting System of Small and Medium Enterprises in Lipa City, Philippines: A Comparative Analysis.Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Business Administration,1(1). Bishop, W.A., 2016. Addressing The Challenge Of Strategic Alignment Faced By Small And Medium-Sized Entities During The Selection Of Accounting Software Packages.International Business Economics Research Journal (IBER),16(1), pp.31-54. Boulianne, E., 2014. Impact of accounting software utilization on students' knowledge acquisition: An important change in accounting education.Journal of Accounting Organizational Change,10(1), pp.22-48. Godfrey, D.E., 2014. Creating an Accounting Software Program: Small Business Focus. Intuit.com. 2017. Intuit: small business, personal finance and tax software. [online] Available at: https://www.intuit.com/ [Accessed 16 Jan. 2017]. Jones, D. and Jones, M., 2016. Using QuickBooks Accounting Software to Improve Financial and Production Records for Better Decision Making. In2016 Annual Meeting, February 6-9, 2016, San Antonio, Texas(No. 229772). Southern Agricultural Economics Association. Lipi, I., Rama, R. and Agaraj, X., 2015. Implications of Accounting Information System Implementation in SMEs: A Study on Retail Business in Vlore Region.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,6(3), p.553. Lyons, S.M., 2015. Using Accounting Software for Food Hubs: Processing Traceable Orders. Machado, M., 2016. Management accounting software and accounting practices: empirical study on SME enterprises.WSEAS Transactions on Business and Economics, (1), pp.94-103. Quinn, M. and Kristandl, G., 2014.Business information systems for accounting students. Pearson Education Ltd.. Schiff, A. and Szendi, J., 2014. Helping Small Business Entrepreneurs Avoid Critical Mistakes in Quickbooks Accounting Software.The Entrepreneurial Executive,19, p.169. Schorr, M., Sylvester, M., Dopf, G., Henrich, D., Liebich, G., Conrad, M., Reccius, A., Klein, M., Hohendorf, M., Roesinger, A. and Soltek, R., 2013.Providing accounting software application as enterprise services. U.S. Patent 8,442,850.

Tesco Supermarket Management

Executive Summary This paper evaluates how elements such globalization, organizational culture and structure, leadership, change management, decision making processes, communication strategies and motivational methods affects Tesco plc in organizational and people management. These are important elements in ensuring the success of any organization.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tesco Supermarket Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The discussion has revealed how globalization caused the corporation to expand its tendrils to other emerging markets. Tesco has been involved in acquisitions and takeover bids to maintain its competitive advantage. In organizational culture, it has been revealed that Tesco has a strong commitment to its customers to deliver quality products and high quality standards of services. The paper has also discussed how the corporation switched from a functional to a divisional orga nizational structure to enable it effectively manage its global operations and the massive number of employees. The ever changing global economic environment forced the corporation to adopt an organizational structure that could foster cost-effectiveness, organizational efficiency and employee commitment. The corporation’s leadership style is about influencing individuals to achieve more for the company rather than sorely relying on the leader to make achievements for the company. These and many other issues are discussed in the paper. Introduction Ever since Tesco plc was founded by Jack Cohen in 1919, it has been able to sustain its growth to become a globally recognized grocery and general merchandising retail chain. During its formative years, Tesco specialized in serving the UK market mainly in food and drink. Over the years, the corporation has increasingly diversified its product lines to include clothing, food products, consumer electronics, telecommunications, music download services, financial, flower delivery, legal, online diets, software, and car insurance services (Datamonitor, 2004 p.12). It is the purpose of this paper to critically evaluate how globalization, organizational culture and structure, leadership, change management, decision making processes, communication strategies and motivational methods influence the retail chain in people management.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Globalization and its Effects Globalization is the name given to the various processes that aims at enhancing the connectivity and interdependence of the global markets and businesses (InvestorWords.com, 2009 para. 1). The forces of globalization have enabled Tesco to transform its operations from a local business entity into a global business organization. The effects of globalization have seen Tesco diversify in both geographical locations and prod uct range (Hutchings, 2005, p. 349). The corporation’s geographical expansion started in 1995, when the corporation commissioned a retail store in Hungary. To maintain its competitive advantage in international markets, the retail chain opened other outlets in Ireland, the Czech Republic, Kingdom of Thailand, Taiwan and the Republic of South Korea in the 1990’s (Datamonitor, 2004 p. 5). Due to globalization, the corporation had to expand its tendrils to reach other emerging markets inline with the global trends. This entailed using a lot of investments to expand internationally since little potential for further expansion existed in the already saturated British market. Tesco has been involved in acquisitions and takeover bids to maintain its competitive advantage. In essence, the corporation enters emerging markets by acquiring performing retail chains. In 1994, Tesco acquired both Global TH and WM Low and Co. In 2004, the corporation concluded its acquisition of the 40-plus Adminstore group (Tesco Merger, 2004, para. 2). This acquisition enhanced the dominance of the corporation in the UK retail market. The corporation has been affected by issues dealing with government policy especially in its international destinations. Issues dealing with tax regimes, labour laws and work policies have always challenged Tesco’s quest to conquer international markets. However, Tesco have relied on stringent management practices to boost its performance internationally. The 2004 financial statistics on Tesco revealed that it was a market leader in six of the twelve countries it had invested in (Datamonitor, 2004, p. 15).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Tesco Supermarket Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Organizational Culture and Structure Price (2007 p. 101) argued that a well formulated organizational culture coupled with effective organizational structure should be vie wed as reference points for people management. Tesco plc has contracted over 440,000 employees in over 3,700 retail stores around the world (English, 2009 p.1). In this perspective, Tesco must have a resilient organizational culture and a flexible structure to effectively demonstrate their core business interests in countries exhibiting a multiplicity of diverse cultural orientations, business etiquettes, leadership styles and techniques of conducting business. Organizational culture details how work is perfumed in the business entity, and lays the groundwork for acceptable and non-acceptable behaviours and actions (Cranwell-Ward et al, 2002 p. 365). At Tesco, the management has realized that workers are more likely to achieve happiness if the core values and beliefs of the corporation are aligned with their own. According to Tesco’s CEO Sir Terry Leahy, the corporation’s future success will be dependent on its own values. Presently, the corporation’s organizati onal culture has enabled it to achieve success in areas where other supermarkets have failed. Tesco shares a strong commitment to its customers to deliver quality products and high quality standards of service (Williamson, 2000, para. 10). Its vision of excellence has enabled the organization to achieve success in many areas. The corporation’s staff members exhibit positive attitudes towards the customers in addition to showing high standards of professionalism, respect, self-regulation, pride, continued improvement, openness, team spirit and partnership. Tesco employs a flexible style of working to permit for additional trading hours. However, staff members are always left with the leeway of deciding the times they would like to work. These fundamental values are critical to the success of Tesco. The illustration below shows how organizational goals, leadership abilities and organizational culture are aligned to achieve success. Figure 1: alignment framework of goals, leader ship attributes and organizational cultureAdvertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Organizational structure is used to describe how individuals and tasks are arranged within a business entity in order to help the organization in meeting its fundamental objectives (Hofstede Hofstede, 2005 p. 252). According to Industry experts, Tesco supermarket practise a strategic business unit (SBU) model of organizational structure in order to enhance the level of competitiveness within individual market areas and across geographic regions (Hutchings, 2005 p. 354). The retail chain utilizes a four-part growth strategy, namely the core UK business, international services, non-food services and retailing services (Tesco, 2009). These growth strategies can be perceived as people management systems (Price, 2007 p. 64). During its formative years, Tesco utilized the functional organizational structure (Wentling, 2004 p. 172). Its stores in the UK were divided into comparatively simple components since it had not undertaken comprehensive diversification of both products and geograp hical locations (Hutchings, 2005 p. 351). In terms of people management, this structure is advantageous since employees can clearly understand the corporation’s operations, command structures, and tasks and responsibilities. The corporation switched to a divisional organizational structure to enable it effectively manage its global operations and the massive number of employees. Under the divisional organizational structure, various departments and stores are divided into self-contained components, able to respond to environmental stimuli on their own (Prince, 2007, p. 188). The ever changing global economic environment forced the corporation to adopt an organizational structure that could foster cost-effectiveness, organizational efficiency and employee commitment (Prince, 2007, p. 184). The divisional organizational structure has greatly assisted the corporation in managing the human resources under its disposal in addition to managing its market entry and product offerings to fit individual market segments in diverse countries (Hutchings, 2005 p. 353). In terms of people management, the divisional structure has enabled Tesco’s employees to achieve team spirit, and has enabled the customers to easily identify with the organization’s products and services based on the geographical area of operation (Prince, 2007 p. 188). Also, this arrangement gives managers the opportunity to develop broad skills needed to drive the organization’s agenda forward. Indeed, the retail chain has successfully used the divisional structure to coordinate and reconcile its operations, decisions, and strategies, both at the corporate level and the business unit level (Prince, 2007 p. 188). Through divisional structure, Tesco has successfully ventured into international markets by making adaptations to the local culture rather than attempting to impose their products and services to the local populations. Leadership Tesco has employed a combination of good leadership, effective management, and a lean business model in its quest to rise above its competitors especially in the UK market (Bono Heller, 2006 para 1). Tesco’s leadership ethos is reflected in the corporation’s organizational culture. In a 2007 interview, Tesco’s CEO Sir Terry Leahy argued that leadership should be about influencing individuals to achieve more for the company rather than sorely relying on the leader to make achievements for the company (Benjamin, 2007 para. 9). According to the CEO, leadership should be about motivating and influencing employees, and challenging them to achieve more for their own objectives as well as for the objectives held by the organization. By any standards, the above leadership style can be termed as transformational. In leadership theories, transformational leaders inspire their followers to rise above their own self interest for the purpose of accomplishing the objectives set by the organization (Tejeda et al, 20 01, p. 41). As of February 2009, Tesco had over 400,000 employees working in over 3,500 stores globally. To manage such a huge number of employees, leaders must have the capacity to instil a profound and long-lasting effect on the subordinates. Leaders must also have the capacity to deal with old challenges in new ways. To deal with such a huge multitude of employees, leaders must be charismatic, and must be able to provide vision and instil a sense of pride on the subordinates. Consecutive studies have revealed that transformational leadership is correlated to organizational success (Tejeda et al, 2001, p. 43). The leadership style used in Tesco can be used to demonstrate why the corporation have continued to grow even in the face of economic challenges. Leaders such as the CEO and other departmental leaders using situational leadership have been able to communicate high expectations to the employees, not mentioning the fact that they have been at the forefront in offering individu alized attention and promoting rational thinking among employees. These are some of the basic tenets of transformational leadership. Change Management Organizations must increasingly adapt to the forces of change if they are to survive the harsh business environment of the 21st Century. Innovation and creativity are two components that have enabled Tesco to negotiate the changes occasioned by both internal and external environment. Many supermarkets have made mistakes by not recognizing their trading environments. However, Tesco has developed innovative strategies that enable the corporation to account for its customer’s buying habits that change with seasons. Some branches are known to hold a sequence of Customer Question Times, where customers are invited to ask questions (Williamson, 2000 para. 6). Such innovative undertakings enable the retail chain to learn about new environments, trading and business practices, customer buying practices, and the perceptions and values h eld by the customers regarding the corporation. Such an arrangement enables Tesco to be proactive in dealing with the factors that leads to change. Decision Making Processes Different types of decision making processes are needed for diverse situations. At Tesco, the customer is placed at the heart of any decision-making process. According to Drive (2004 p. 7), all decisions made by Tesco’s management are supposed to be rational, accountable and transparent. Although major decisions are expected to come from the top managements, store managers always involve the workers in decision making. Brief meetings are convened to offer the workers an opportunity to give their inputs and share their challenges and problems with the management. The collaborative decision making not only ensures that the corporation remains ahead in its quest to conquer the retail markets but it also offers the much needed motivation to the employees. However, the decision on whether to implement the sugg estions made by the employees rests sorely on the managers (Cranwell-Ward et al, 2002, p. 146). Communication, Negotiation, Conflict Resolution, and Motivational Methods Tesco Plc has always recognized that open communication channels and open door policy are fundamental to its success. The management has also recognized that well-motivated employees are vital for the sustained success of the organization (Cranwell-Ward et al, 2002, p. 146). Tesco started a review of work methods in the 1990’s to with the challenges of an increasing variety of products and services. The review, also known as FUTURE program aimed at opening the channels of communication for effective management of workers. In addition, the program was aimed at freeing the employees so that they could achieve more for the organization. At Tesco, every worker has been given the opportunity to identify and voice the challenges faced, including suggesting solutions in an open and structured manner. This serves to motivate employees to achieve more for the company while working in an environment where the freedom of communication is guaranteed and respected. Through the FUTURE program, workers are offered the opportunity to negotiate for the tasks and duties done on behalf of the organization and how such duties could be streamlined, improved or stopped if they have no value addition. Again, this kind of freedom and responsibility serves to heighten motivation levels on the part of employees. According to Cranwell-Ward et al (2002), â€Å"the consultation and involvement process, combined with additional communication results in a release of energy and enthusiasm in staff as they become aware that their views are appreciated and ideas actioned† (p. 146). The management also uses feedback and regular communication to enhance elevated states of motivation and productivity. At Tesco, routine and tools that enhance more face-to-face communication on individualized basis enhances motivation on the part of employees even in times of intense organizational change. Team meetings are also used by the management to brief and consult employees on a variety of issues relevant to them. These open communication channels ensures that conflicts are solved through amicable ways and employee-management relations remains cordial. Consequently, employees are able to attain high motivational levels to propel the corporation into new heights in terms of performance. SWOT Analysis In strengths, Tesco is the leading British retailer based on the local market share and global sales. In addition, the corporation ranks among the three largest worldwide retailers based on both revenue and profits (Tesco, 2009). The corporation’s multi-format capacity will ensure its continued growth in both food and non-food market shares. Tesco’s diversification into non-food items such as insurance, internet and banking services have only served to increase the corporation’s financial clout. Tesco.com is the leading online supermarket globally. What’s more, the corporation have been able to build a formidable brand image that is associated with quality customer shopping experience, trustworthy goods and products, and excellent value for money. In weaknesses, Tesco has often been accused of overly relying on the UK market. The corporation has a lot of opportunities especially in the non-food retail sector. According to industry experts, the corporation can continue to use its low cost structure coupled with improved merchandizing expertise to make significant inroads into the non-food market share, especially in electronics, internet and entertainment. Tesco’s threats arise from the external operating environment, stiff competition from peer supermarkets, economic crises and mergers of supermarkets especially in the UK. Conclusion According to the discussion above, it is evident that Tesco will achieve monumental growth in the coming years since it has successfully fended of the 2008 economic crises despite undertaking aggressive expansion programmes (English, 2009 p.1). While the corporation’s financial clout and customer base looks stable for now, immense opportunities for growth exists in the future due to the way its organizational culture, structure, decision making processes and leadership has helped the supermarket to manage people – both employees and customers. Tesco’s management of the above elements have inarguably enabled it to foster cost-effectiveness, organizational efficiency and employee commitment. Consequently, Tesco is headed for better times in the future due its effective strategies in both organizational and people management. List of References Benjamin, T. (2007, March 19) Transcript: Terry Leahy, CEO of Tesco. CNN.com. Retrieved from http://edition.cnn.com/2006/BUSINESS/09/13/boardroom.leahy/index.html [31 October 2009] Bono, E., Heller, R. (2006) Tesco Management. Retrieved from http://www.thinkingmanagers.com/companies/tesco.php [31 October 2009] Cranwell-Ward, J., Bacon, A., Mackie, R. (2002) Inspiring Leadership: Staying Afloat in  Turbulent Times. Cengage Learning EMEA Datamonitor. (2004) Tesco Plc. Retrieved from http://people.exeter.ac.uk/wl203/BEAM011/Materials/Lecture%204/TESCO%20Company%20Profile.pdf [28 October 2009] English, S. (2009, October 6) Tesco Keeps its Crown as Results Beat City Forecasts. The  Ã‚  Evening Standard. Retrieved from http://www.allbusiness.com/economy-economic-indicators/economic-conditions-recession/13160802-1.html [28 October 2009] Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G.J. (2005) Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind, 2nd Ed. London: McGraw-Hill. Hutchings, I. (2005) Tesco in the Czech Republic. In M. Terterov J. Reuvid (Eds) Doing  Business with the Czech Republic. GMB Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 9781905050550 InvestorWords.com. (2009) Globalization. Retrieved from http://www.investorwords.com/2182/globalization.html [ 31 October 2009] Price, A. (2007) Human Resource Management in a Business Context, 3rd Ed. Cengage Learning Business Press. ISBN: 9781844805488 Tejeda, M. J., Scandura, T. A., Pillai, R. (2001) Transformational leadership. The  Leadership Quarterly, 12, 31-52. Tesco plc (2009) Welcome to Tesco Plc. Retrieved from http://www.tescocorporate.com/ [28 October 2009 Tesco Merger approval Criticized. (2004) Retrieved from http://www.foodanddrinkeurope.com/Retail/Tesco-merger-approval-criticised [31 October 2009] Wentling, R.M. (2004) Factors that assist and Barriers that Hinder the Success of Diversity Initiatives in Multinational Corporations. Human Resource Development International, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 165-180 Williamson, V.A. (2000) Business in times of Change. The Irish Times. Retrieved from http://www.business2000.ie/pdf/pdf_3/tesco_3rd_ed.pdf [31 October, 2009] This report on Tesco Supermarket Management was written and submitted by user GorillaMan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Intransitive Verbs Definition and Examples

Intransitive Verbs Definition and Examples In  English grammar, an intransitive verb is a  verb (such as laugh) that does not take a direct object. Contrast with a transitive verb. Many verbs have both a transitive and an intransitive function, depending on how they are used. The verb ​write, for instance, sometimes takes a direct object (Shyla writes an essay every week) and sometimes does not (Shyla writes well). Examples and Observations My little mother . . . saw me and fainted.(Maya Angelou, Mom Me Mom. Random House, 2013)Fern had not arrived for her usual visit.(E.B. White, Charlottes Web. Harper, 1952)It rains, the leaves tremble.(Quoted by Rabindranath Tagore in The Religion of Man, 1930)We must have the courage to be patient. . . . If you fell down yesterday, stand up to-day.(H.G. Wells, The Anatomy of Frustration, 1936)Overhead the swallows of Sarlat swooped and dove around the medieval houses.(Fenton Johnson, Geography of the Heart. Washington Square, 1996)Sometimes imagination pounces; mostly it sleeps soundly in the corner, purring.(Attributed to Leslie Grimutter)My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness painsMy sense, as though of hemlock I had drunk.(John Keats, Ode to a Nightingale)I cut down trees,I skip and jump,I like to press wild flowers.(Terry Jones, Michael Palin, and Fred Tomlinson, The Lumberjack Song. Monty Pythons Flying Circus, 1969)The woman with the short, upcurling hair slept in a twisted si deways heap.(Martha Gelhorn, Miami-New York. The Atlantic Monthly, 1953) The Difference Between Intransitive and Transitive Verbs Most people already know something about verb constructions in the form of a dim memory of the distinction between intransitive and transitive verbs. Intransitive verbs like snore appear without a direct object, as in Max snored; it sounds odd to say Max snored a racket. Transitive verbs like sprain require a direct object, as in Shirley sprained her ankle; it sounds odd to say Shirley sprained. (Stephen Pinker, The Stuff of Thought. Viking, 2007) Intransitive Complementation Some verbs are complete in themselves and do not require any further elements to make their meaning complete: although there may be further elements in the sentence, these are not essential. This is called intransitive complementation. It involves verbs such as: appear, arrive, begin, break, come, cough, decrease, die, disappear, drown, fall, go, happen, increase, laugh, lie (tell an untruth), matter, rain, rise, sneeze, snow, stop, swim, wait, work. (Ronald Carter and Michael McCarthy, Cambridge Grammar of English. Cambridge University Press, 2006) The Intransitive Use of Be Intransitive verbs are verbs that do not take an object or subject attribute in the sentence. Also note that the verb be, when followed by an adverbial expressing place or time, is used as an intransitive verb.(Marjolyn Verspoor and Kim Sauter, English Sentence Analysis. John Benjamins, 2000) He is running.He is reading.He is turning around.He is in London at the moment.

Marketing Portfolio Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Marketing Portfolio Project - Essay Example The company has been first in terms of innovation, quality as well as customer satisfaction in around 50 countries. The key to success for the company is its commitment towards the company-wide values (International EZUP, 2012). Mission Statement and Goals The main objective of the company is to focus towards honesty, people, customers as well as innovation. It also places greater emphasis at offering the customers with quality products and services with the objective to satisfy them and thus maintaining long-term relationship with them. Focus The main focus of the company has been upon the domestic market. However, in order to attain growth and to beat the competition it is quite imperative for International E-Z UP to shift its focus to international markets as well with advanced products thereby meeting the needs and the demands of the global marketplace. It will also focus upon providing the customers with quality products in order to ensure sustainability in the long run. In orde r to attain this objective the company can implement Total Quality Management (TQM) techniques such as Kaizen. Marketing Objective Short-Term Objectives of the Company The marketing objective of International E-Z UP for the upcoming year shall focus upon enhancement of the market share and increase of the desired levels of sales of the product. The company shall also try to enhance the customer loyalty. In order to attain this objective, it shall generate 20% of repeat business in the first year. The other marketing objective of the company shall be to escalate the brand awareness among various market segments from 10% to 30% in year one. The company shall also aim to gain at least 20 new customers by the end of the year one. It shall aim at increasing the market share in the United States market by 10% at the end of year one. Furthermore, one of the most significant marketing objectives of most of the companies is to minimize the marketing cost by substantial amount. In lieu of thi s fact, it can be mentioned that International E-Z UP shall intend to reduce the marketing cost by nearly 5% during the initial six months period. Long-Term Objectives of the Company The long-term objective of the company shall be to maintain their position as the leading name in selling instant shelters throughout the world in next five years. It shall also aim at acquiring nearly 20% of the customers of the competitors over next five years period. It shall also intend to increase the profit margin by 10% in the coming five years of operations. Attaining partnership and building collaborative relationship with numerous suppliers for smooth flow of the raw materials shall also be one of the objectives of the company. It can be stated that for the purpose of attaining the above mentioned short-term and long- term objectives, it is quite imperative for the company to prepare an adequate marketing plan. The sections below comprise pertinent analyses of the customers, the competitors, t he external environment, the marketing mix and the human resources of the company. Based upon the analyses, the paper shall intend to devise a creative marketing plan for the purpose of promoting and creating awareness about the products and the services of International

International Intellectual Property Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Intellectual Property Law - Essay Example One is that emerging countries might not have the same technology as advanced countries, and need to copy advanced companies to innovate. This is an issue that is addressed below. However, the bulk of this article will deal with copyrights, especially with regards to British Law regarding the same. Intellectual property rights have become one of the buzzwords surrounding globalization. Globalization may be defined as â€Å"an extent of internationalisation at a level where boundaries are blurred or appear close, where networks and solidarities are communicating, [and] where interdependencies are increasing.†1 On a technological basis, modern globalization is dependent upon the structures for communication, transportation, computation and enforcement interlocking.2 Globalization has reached many sectors, including intellectual property, financial services, money capital, goods and financial instruments.3 There are obvious positive aspects of globalization, and negative ones as well, as globalization leads to clashes, prejudices, tension and cultural misunderstandings such as those seen on 9/11, and the Bali, Madrid and London bombings.4 Intellectual property is one of the core businesses in the World Trade Organisation (WTO), in which one of the WTOs founding element with regards to intellectual property is the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) Agreement.5 The TRIPS Agreement, in a nutshell, establishes a global harmonisation of protection for Intellectual Property and enforcement, as well as created international standards regarding patent, copyright, trademark and design protections.6 The existing regimes of the United States, Europe and Japan with regards to intellectual property were largely the same, so their laws did not need as much harmonising. However, there were some areas that were a problem, as far as different countries having different rules, and they were â€Å"first to invent systems, scope of

Employee Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 3

Employee Relations - Essay Example internal environment & external environment. SWOT stands for S - Strength, W - Weaknesses, O - Opportunities, T - Threats and the analysis done through these four segments and is popularly known as SWOT Analysis. It helps in knowing the firms capabilities in the competitive environment in which it operates. The following diagram shows SWOT Analysis framework. The Trust employed around 1,000 staff in its Operations Supportive departments, which provides the technical, operational & professional and staff workers for the services like security, cleaning, maintaining the estate, managing the car-parking and also catering.  Ã‚   Unions’ rates up to 60%, having a membership of Unison, GMB, and TGWU represents the crafts work and skills of the employees.  Unions’ relation is good, along with 2 monthly meetings between the management and unions forms into a multi-union forum.   In the hospital, management teams have developed communication policy, this results in improving  in the feedback of staff through attitude surveys because of the relation with the top management. It is stated that the management will provide information to the staff about the changes which are going to prevail and what the reasons for such changes. Around 60% of the employees are stable in the job for more than 8 years. The groups work in an independent manner from each other and even from the organizations itself. In an effective way of management, the workers are developing demarcation and differentiating factors and their representatives of union are changing. There are issues regarding the delegatory, communicating, team-building, and employee empowerment  from the low to middle level of the members.   Those issues are subjected to be heated discussions among managers, union representatives and workers, particularly the changes which are â€Å"pushed†Ã‚  than negotiated.   There is a bad tendency of some supervisors and middle level managers to remove few

Poems By Ann Bradstreet And Edward Taylor

Poems By Ann Bradstreet And Edward Taylor Ann Dudley Bradley was an American writer who was born in the year 1612 and lived for 60 years and died in 1672. Among her many works that she wrote included the poem titled The Prologue. She is best remembered as the first American poet to be published during colonisation of America. Edward Taylor was born in Sketchley, Leicestershire, England in 1642 and he lived for 87 years till in 1729. He too was an American poet during the colonisation of America. A Pastor and a Physician, one of his poems published was titled Prologue. The prologue by Ann has eight stanzas and each stanza has six lines, the stanzas of the poem have been arranged in a simple and clear manner; while in comparison with the prologue by Edward, written in 1939 from Preparatory Meditation has five stanzas and six lines. The first and the third line of every stanza have been indented left. Ann Bradley in her poem in the first stanza seems to despise the tendency to praise and adore war, captains and the kings and th eir cities and wealth that are as a resultant of war. She seems not to be able to compel herself into taking her pen and paper and praise them. (For my mean pen are too superior things). To her, it is the duty of poets and historians to set the facts straight. In her poem there is a thin line between the facts of history and the illusions of the kings and captains plus their wealth: and there worth will not be deemed by her writing. The perception of Ann and the emotions of her heart seem to look down about the colonisers good way of life (great bartas sugared lines) and she feels saddened about the state of her fellow Americans in the middle of plenty. In the Prologue by Edward Taylor, the poet seems to ask God a rhetoric question, that its very obvious like a clear sky that the dust that is on the earth (men) can not outweigh the totality of the grand mountains (superiority of God) on the earth caused its not their design nor show that can befit the grandeur of the divinity. To hi m he is self-agreeing that being handed a moistures pen (pen that is ready to be written with) will guide him in giving a wonderful praise to the lord. In the second stanza, he glorifies a pen that has been expectedly made for writing using a super refined ink that can even write on the most unlikely surface (in crystal leaves) where it can write ferociously till the writer stops. Both writers seem to praise the art of writing in bringing out their perception and in glorifying heavenly and in seeking self worth. (2nd stanza for Edward and the fifth and the sixth line of the first stanza for Ann.) In the fourth to the sixth stanzas, Ann Bradley states that they do not expect, any expressive language (rhetoric) from the school boys nor music (sweet consort) from old musical equipments (broken strings) nor a beauty that dance to their tune and so her thoughts also sings out but all this is in vain as whatever the issue at hand, it is not reversible as cause nature made it so. These has made her to dislike the Greek who through art discovered that there desires can be partly fulfilled by art to a certain extent , but at the end of the day an injured brain does not accept therapy.( the fifth stanza). The poet is intolerable to every nagging tongue that prejudices her hand that writes and scorns at her work just because of the superiority of her works and because sh e is female. This brings about the theme of gender bias and inequality through her works (Who says my hand a needle better fits.)and its her duty to prove them wrong through her works ( a poets pen all scorn) even though proving them wrong through her works will lead them to stating that her works and intelligence are not original but its plagiarized( last two sentence of the sixth stanza) Edward Taylor, in the third to the fifth and the last stanza refers himself to be the crump of dust that is so low in the society and its only through his pen that he can bring himself to the level of the praise and high life like the mountains and these he is to do through praising of the Lord through written poems written in the most refined if inks (Â  And Write in Liquid Gold upon Thy Name; My Letters till Thy glory forth doth flame.) He continues by stating that no one should attempt to neither break down his endeavours nor laugh at his works. He applies to the lord to inspire his works and may glory be given to the lord who may have mercy to all those that are looking down at his works of praise (Nor laugh Thou them to scorn but pardon give). For if glory is given then it will last (Thy dust shall live.) And that the people should be careful not to scorn at the short coming of his works as they are still part of his works. (They being Slips slipped from Thy Crumb of Dust.) Edw ard as the crump of dust seeks God( the mountain) to guide him so that he can show case his prowess and give praise and glory to the almighty god (the last stanza)In the last three stanza for Ann Bradley, she looks back at the ancient Greeks who were mild in there treatment of there women but they are still pretenders (Else of our sex why feigned they those Nine). To her Greeks are Greeks and that men should stop waging wars to prove to the women as they have an advantage and they will always excel, all that women are seeking from the men is some respect and acknowledgement for all that they do( Yet grant some small acknowledgement of ours) For even the birds that fly the skies fly high but catch their prey and that men can stop looking down the women achievements then women achievement including her works is bound to bring more wealth to the men by simply acknowledging them.( last stanza) . To conclude both writers are looking at the art of writing as a means of fulfilling there de sires. For Ann Acknowledgement from men and for Edward praise to the lord.

Mr. Mefisto - Foreign Language Essay :: Foreign Language Essays

Abstract Mr. Mefisto. Before asking who he is, the first question must be, he exists or not? I did not meet him directly, face to face, but I heard a lot about. If you ask people who knows they will give you all kind of answers. They will tell you that, he us good, bad, obedient or is THE GOD. My opinion is that it do not exists by it self, it exists as a relation between you and the World. If you are not in Harmony with the World, you are under his power. D-ul Dracu , Inainte de a te intreba cine e Dracul, cred ca trebue sa te intrebi daca intradevar exista. Eu nu m-am intalnit cu el, fata in fata, dar din timpuri stravechi si pana astazi, multi spun ca intradevar exista. Fortale Binelui si Fortele Raului. Cu Achriman fiind "intunericul absolut" si Christos "Iubirea Vie". Sunt persoane care ar trebi sa stie. Chistos a scos un demon dintr'un om si l-a bagat intr'o ciurda de porcii. In zilele noastre Papa Paul Ioan II zice " Demonul exista, are regatul sau, are un program bine stabilit †¦." iar Papa Benedict XVI, zice "Dracul e o prezenta misterioasa, dar reala, personala, nu simbolica" . Asta e convingator ? O idee interesanta apare la Gnostici ("comoara" Templarilor e probabil o copie a Evangeliei apocrife a lui Toma) cu Simeon Magnus si bineinteles cu Valentinian in "Imnul Perlei" Dar mai ales in critica Legei Mozaice prin "Scrisoarea catre Flora" a lui Ptolomeu, "Lumea nu a fost creata nici de Dumnezeu Tatal si nici de Satana, ci de Demiur g". Ceace ar putea explica dece Dl Dracu exista. Sau dece Seful Ingerilor s-a razvratit inpotriva lui Dumnezeu. Daca exista inceputul exista si sfarsitul. Daca exista Ying exista si Yang. Tot nu sunt absolut convins, dar sunt inclinat sa accept, pentru ca stiu ca ceva e Bine si ceva e Rau. Nu stiu de unde stiu, dar cred ca e in legatura cu idea de "Just" si "Injust" Cred ca e just ca Socrate sa se si e injust sa furi bomboane dela copii. Acum cand de bine de rau, cred ca Dl Dracul exista, as vrea sa stiu cine si ce e. Nu cred ca e sarpele care a ispitit-o pe Eva. Am vazut in o catedrale din Gubbio, o fresca cu tentatia Evei. Sarpele avea maini si merge pe 2 picioare.